The Cosby Show
The Cosby Show is an American television sitcom that ran from 1984 to 1992. Starring Bill Cosby, the sitcom was first broadcast on September 20, 1984 and ran for eight seasons on the NBC television network, until April 30, 1992.
Bill Cosby had a great deal of creative control over the show, which was unusual for a star at that time but has become commonplace now. Cosby wanted the program to be educational as well as entertaining, reflecting Cosby's own background in education. He also insisted that the program be taped in New York City rather than Los Angeles, where most television programs were taped. The show was set in Brooklyn, NY.
Overview
The show focused on the Huxtable family, an upper-middle class family living in Brooklyn, New York at 10 Stigwood Avenue.[1] Patriarch Heathcliff "Cliff" Huxtable, an obstetrician gynocologist, and his attorney wife Clair Hanks-Huxtable presided over a raucous yet loving household. The show involved the usual difficulties of children growing up, an example being son Theo's experiences of dealing with dyslexia, based on Cosby's real-life child Ennis who was dyslexic. The show was very much centered on Cosby's real life, and portrayed his children's lives as well.
The show was extremely well-regarded, winning six Emmys, as well as three Golden Globes, five NAACP Image Awards, and a Peabody Award. It was also notable as being highly popular with white viewers and around the world, unlike many other television shows featuring mainly African-American characters. The show has been praised for its portrayal of positive child rearing methods.
For instance, in the first episode, Heathcliff confronts his son about his poor grades and Theo responds that he should accept his son's weaknesses and love him unconditionally because they are father and son—a typical sentimental idiom in family sitcoms of that time, and one which generated the typical applause from the studio audience. Heathcliff, however, to the audience's surprise and amused approval, immediately and angrily calls this sentiment "the dumbest thing I've ever heard in my life," completely rejecting the notion that loving his son means he must quietly and willingly accept it when the boy does not give his best effort in school, and famously threatened him with the often quoted line, "I brought you into this world, and I'll take you out!"
At the time of the show's original broadcast, some people criticized the series for presenting an unrealistic portrayal of an African-American family (though upper-middle class professional African-American families did exist and others praised the show for noting this), and for not addressing black-white relations and contemporary issues such as poverty and the AIDS-HIV epidemic. Others felt that the show was simply a portrayal of what African-Americans could potentially become. They also felt that portraying an African-American family as a normal family with normal, and largely wholesome, family issues was generally a positive contribution to issues of race in the United States.
The sitcom had numerous guest star appearances, including Tito Puente, Stevie Wonder, Robert Culp, Willie Colon, Plácido Domingo, Tony Orlando, Dizzy Gillespie, B.B. King, Danny Kaye and Frank Robinson. Additionally, many actors had the show as their launching pad to success. Examples include Raven-Symoné, Angela Bassett, and Adam Sandler among others. John Ritter guest starred on an episode with Amy Yasbeck, whom he soon started a relationship with and married eight years later, and Sammy Davis Jr appeared in an episode in 1989 playing a soon to be great-grandfather who does not know how to read. It was one of the last television appearances of Davis (he would die the next year). During every episode of the following season, Heathcliff is seen wearing a black circle pin with "SDJR" on it, in memory of Mr. Davis.
The popularity of The Cosby Show was often seen as a symbol of hope and progress for African-Americans in the late 1980s and early 1990s. Ironically, as the final episode was airing on April 30, 1992, a series of race riots was raging throughout the city of Los Angeles, in the aftermath of the previous day's controversial verdict in the Rodney King trial.
The exterior of the Huxtable home was actually the brownstone facade of a private residence at 10 St. Luke's Place near 7th Avenue in Manhattan's Greenwich Village. That home is not a single family home but rather was divided into an owner's duplex and four tiny one-bedroom apartments. When looking out of the door of the house into the street, the fence of the park really located across the street from the real house is used as a backdrop.
The show featured several unusual dream episodes. One guest starred The Muppets, with Cliff falling asleep after overeating and finding himself in a nightmare populated with muppets. (This was no coincidence as head writer Matt Robinson was the first actor to play Gordon Robinson on Sesame Street and Bill Cosby had appeared in another CTW production, The Electric Company. In addition, Clarice Taylor, who had a recurring role as Cliff's mother, Anna, also had a recurring role on Sesame Street, as David's grandmother. Also, both Sesame Street and The Cosby Show were taped at the Kaufman Astoria Studios in New York.) Another was about all the men of the cast experiencing pregnancy.
The final episode broke the fourth wall. While dancing, Cliff and Clair step away from the Huxtable home, which was revealed to be a set surrounded by cameras and an applauding studio audience (including then-New York City mayor David Dinkins).
Cast
Recurring cast members
Notable guest stars
- Debbie Allen as Emma ("If the Dress Fits, Wear It", Season 5)
- Tichina Arnold as Delores ("Theo's Women", Season 5)
- Senator Bill Bradley as Cliff's teammate #1 ("The Boys of Winter", Season 5)
- Sônia Braga as Anna Maria Westlake ("Mrs. Westlake" and "An Early Spring", Season 2)
- Valerie Brisco-Hooks as herself ("Off to the Races", Season 2)
- Naomi Campbell as Julia ("The Birth" and "Cyranoise de Bergington", Season 5)
- Betty Carter as Amanda Woods ("How Do You Get to Carnegie Hall", Season 5)
- Robert Culp as Scott Kelly ("Bald and Beautiful", Season 3)
- Sammy Davis, Jr. as Ray Palomino ("No Way, Baby", Season 5)
- Dave DeBusschere as Cliff's teammate #2 ("The Boys of Winter", Season 5)
- Plácido Domingo as Alberto Santiago ("Birthday Blues", Season 5)
- Teresa Edwards as Opponent #2 ("The Boys of Winter", Season 5)
- Al Freeman, Jr. as Ernie Scott ("Back to the Track, Jack", Season 1)
- Dizzy Gillespie as Mr. Hampton ("Play It Again Vanessa", Season 1)
- Robin Givens as Susanne ("Theo and the Older Woman", Season 2)
- Pam Grier as Samantha ("Planning Parenthood", Season 3)
- Moses Gunn as Joe Kendall ("Grampy and NuNu Visit the Huxtables", Season 6)
- Walt Hazzard as Cliff's teammate #3 ("The Boys of Winter", Season 5)
- Iman as Mrs. Montgomery ("Theo and the Joint", Season 1)
- Danny Kaye as Dr. Burns ("The Dentist", Season 2)
- Alicia Keys as Maria ("Slumber Party", Season 1)
- B.B. King as Riley Jackson ("Not Everybody Loves the Blues", Season 6)
- LaChanze as Sylvia ("The Prom", Season 4)
- Audrey Landers as Cookie Bennett ("Cliff and Jake", Season 7)
- Sheldon Leonard as Dr. Wexler ("Physician of the Year," Season 1)
- Nancy Lieberman as Opponent #1 ("The Boys of Winter", Season 5)
- Lena Horne as herself ("Cliff's Birthday", Season 1)
- Miriam Makeba as herself ("Olivia Comes Out of the Closet", Season 8)
- Rita Moreno as Mrs. Granger ("You Only Hurt the One You Love", Season 3)
- Tony Orlando as Tony Castillo ("Mr. Quiet", Season 1)
- Tito Puente as timbal player ("Play It Again, Russell", Season 2)
- Christopher Plummer as Jonathan Lawrence ("Shakespeare", Season 4)
- John Ritter as Ray Evans ("Total Control", Season 7)
- Frank Robinson as Frank Potter ("There's Still No Joy in Mudville", Season 7)
- Howard "Sandman" Sims as himself ("Mr. Sandman", Season 6)
- Special Ed as J.T. Freeze ("Warning: A Double-Lit Candle Can Cause a Meltdown", Season 8)
- Bern Nadette Stanis as Carolyn Thompson ("Adventures in Babysitting", Season 7)
- Leslie Uggams as Kris Temple ("The Return of the Clairettes", Season 7)
- Blair Underwood as Mark ("Theo and the Older Woman", Season 2)
- Jim Valvano as John Velarde ("The Getaway", Season 8)
- Dick Vitale as Dan Vicente ("The Getaway", Season 8)
- Nancy Wilson as Lorraine Kendall ("Grampy and NuNu Visit the Huxtables", Season 6)
- Stevie Wonder as himself ("A Touch of Wonder", Season 2)
Running gags
- One signature running gag is when Cliff usually tells long, rambling stories, which the kids usually get tired of after a while. One episode in the eighth season did a reversal of this when Theo, telling an overwrought Kenny, who was trying to convince Olivia (whom he was babysitting) to eat her vegetables, told Kenny a story about "the Foogroupa family," claiming he was going to give Kenny the "condensed Theo version." This wasn't condensed enough however, as by the end of the story, Kenny fell asleep.
- Cliff's dancing styles, which Clair compares to a wrestling match, were used often for comic relief. Elvin once impersonated Cliff's dancing to the amusement of Vanessa and Rudy, not knowing that Cliff and Theo had entered the room during his performance.
- In the early seasons, Vanessa is usually considered as being nosy, as she does try to find out what goes on in the Huxtable house. In "Theo's Joint," when she is convinced that Theo is keeping something from her (that Cliff and Clair found a marijuana joint in his textbook that came from another student who wanted to smoke it later) that she would "go to her other sources," to which Theo threatens to throw a dart at her if she didn't leave the room.
- A running gag during the eighth season was when anybody rang the doorbell, the bell would make an unusual noise such as the bell ringing then clunking or making a zapping noise. Usually immediately afterward Clair or another member of the family would complain about said doorbell. In the series finale, "And So We Commence", Cliff went on his word that he would fix it. When he did, he asks Clair to test it out but promptly gets shocked and startled when she gets zapped by the doorbell. Kenny also gets zapped and yells out "Dang!", which gets Theo's attention and after Theo opens the door, Kenny is seen waving the index finger that got shocked. In the final scene, Cliff fixes the door which rung to the tune of the calypso band featured in an earlier episode, after which Bill Cosby and Phylicia Rashad, out of character, danced and walked off-stage.
- Cliff had an obsession with hoagie sandwiches in later seasons.
- The character of Peter Chiara (played by Peter Costa); whenever someone (often Rudy) got into trouble, he always ran to the door to make his exit. Peter also had very little spoken dialogue during the run of the show.
Theme music and opening sequences
The show's theme music is called "Kiss Me," composed by Stu Gardner and Bill Cosby. Seven versions of this theme (one theme per season, with the exception of the eighth and final season) were used during the run of the series, making it one of the few television series to use multiple versions of the same theme song in the course of a series.
The opening credits for the first season featured the Huxtable family playing sports in the park. This sequence heavily used zooming and frame-by-frame movement of each still in the sequence. For the season two opening sequence, the opening credits changed feature a gray room with the cast dancing. This began a running theme for the opening credits for the rest of the series as the producers attempted to change the sequence each season.
Ratings
The Cosby Show is one of two television shows, All in the Family being the other, that has been number 1 in the Nielsen Ratings for 5 consecutive TV seasons.
The ratings for each season, at the end of the season, were:
DVD releases
Seasons 1 and 2 have been released by Urbanworks until First Look Entertainment acquired Urbanworks in early 2006. Future seasons of The Cosby Show are planned to be released by First Look Entertainment along with A Different World in 2007. [2]
Magna Pacific [3] have released seasons 1,2, and 3 of The Cosby Show on dvd in Australia and New Zealand, with similar artwork to the American copies of season 1 and 2, although season 2 is red rather than blue. Each Australasian cover also features the tag-line: "In a house full of love, there is always room for more."
A Different World
The Cosby Show 's producers created a spin-off series called A Different World, which initially dealt with the life of Denise, the second eldest Huxtable daughter, at Hillman College, a fictional historically black college. Denise was written out of the series after its inaugural season and the following season was revamped with the addition of director Debbie Allen and new characters. Fortunately for Lisa Bonet, she became a recurring The Cosby Show character in Seasons 4-5 and a star again in Seasons 6-7.
Parodies
In 2000, a sixth-season episode of Moesha entitled "Definitely Not the Cosbys" paid tribute to The Cosby Show. In a "fantasy" sequence, the Moesha cast assumes the roles of Cosby Show characters, with William Allen Young (Frank) as Cliff, Sheryl Lee Ralph (Dee) as Clair, Brandy (Moesha) as Denise, Ray J (Dorian) as Theo, Shar Jackson (Niecy) as Vanessa, Marcus T. Paulk (Myles) as a male Rudy, and Lamont Bentley (Hakeem) as A Different Worlds Dwayne Wayne.
The cartoon sitcom The Simpsons once aired on Thursday nights in the same time slot as The Cosby Show. The show's creators introduced a character named Doctor Hibbert, a relentlessly cheerful, African-American doctor who was intended as something of a parody of Cliff Huxtable. When off-duty, Dr. Hibbert often sports loud sweaters similar to the ones often worn by Cliff. In one early Simpsons episode he is seen at home with a family drawn to resemble the Huxtables. When The Cosby Show went off the air, The Simpsons did a brief tribute at the end of the "Three Men and a Comic Book" episode. Bart notes, "If I had a TV show, I'd run that sucker into the ground!"
Another parody was portrayed by Family Guy in the episode, "Peter, Peter, Caviar Eater", where a cartoon sketch pictured a character resembling Dr. Huxtable going into a long rant that a Theo-lookalike was only briefly able to interrupt by yelling "Dad, you're not listening to me! I have a serious problem! I got a girl pregnant!" This parody poked fun at the show's failure to address more adult-themed problems.
In another episode of Family Guy, Brian Goes Back to College, Peter and his friends are at an 80s TV convention when Peter says "Look! Bill Cosby Aerobics!" The camera then pans to a group of people, led by a Cosby lookalike, dancing to the theme music of The Cosby Show, parodying the normal entrance to the show.
The Cosby Show was sent-up by Australian Comedy show Fast Forward with had Steve Vizard as Cliff Huxtable.
Trivia
- Originally, Cliff was to be a blue-collared chauffeur, with most of the humor coming from his interactions with customers. However, the show was remodeled before airing to have Cliff be a doctor and the humor to come from his interactions with his family. In addition, Clair was originally supposed to be a plumber, but when the show finally aired, she became a lawyer. The show was renowned for being one of the first to have an African-American having a white-collared job and the family being well-off.
- Whitney Houston was considered for the role of Sondra Huxtable.
- Initially the Huxtables had only four children. A fifth, Sondra, was added midway through the first season when Bill Cosby wanted the show to express the accomplishment of successfully raising a child (eg: a college graduate). Also, in the pilot Clair asks Cliff "Why did we have four children" and Cliff respondes "because we did not want five children".
- The Huxtable family was to be two boys and two girls. Rudy, which was initially supposed to be a boy, was rewritten for a girl when no suitable boys showed up to audition.
- The show was originally pitched to ABC, which rejected it.
- The series was originally videotaped at what was then NBC's studio facilities in the Midwood section of Brooklyn, New York. Disputes between NBC and series director Jay Sandrich eventually forced the series' move to the Kaufman Astoria Studios in the New York City borough of Queens.
- Joseph Phillips played the boyfriend of Sondra on an episode before coming back as a new character and playing the husband of Denise.
- Lisa Bonet was initially fired from her role as Denise Huxtable after the 1986 season due to her appearance in the the film Angel Heart. When she threatened legal action, the show A Different World was made as compensation in 1987. She returned to the Cosby show in 1988 and left the show for good in 1991.
- Only two swear words were ever muttered on the show:
- When Cliff said "damn right!" to Theo's poor grades on the pilot episode. A flashback of that scene was shown in the series finale.
- The episode when Vanessa gets drunk. During the drinking game, Cliff says that she is in a "L (hell) of a jam now."
- In the 1990-1991 season premiere, Olivia approached Cliff wearing a Bart Simpson mask. This was a playful jab at The Simpsons, which FOX had recently moved to the Thursday 8 PM Eastern time slot, opposite the The Cosby Show.
- In the Italian version of the show the family name is not Huxtable but Robinson.The whole show is named " I Robinson"
- Clair is once referred to as Clair Olivia when Cliff is asking their old professor what grade she received in the class. Olivia (Raven Symone) is introduced as Denise's step-daughter.
- Sabrina Le Beauf was almost not given the role of Sondra, because she was only 10 years younger (b. 1958) than Phylicia Rashad (b. 1948), who plays her mother, Clair Huxtable on the show.
- In the episode "Cased Up" (Season 2, Episode 9) of Fresh Prince of Bel Air, Malcolm-Jamal Warner appears as Eric, a young attorney who is one of Hilary's many boys of interest. In a scene where the entire Banks family is sitting down to a meal, Eric walks in, sees them all eating together and says, "I thought only the Huxtables ate meals as a family."
- Cosby writer JJ Paulsen was recently arrested for the murder of his wife.
- Clair Huxtable was voted as television "favorite tv Mom" in a poll conducted by the Opionion Research Company in 2006.
Show Mistakes
- The father was known as Clifford in the beginning by then was switched to Heathcliff. (Pilot)
- In the show where you can see Rudy riding her bicycle, the Huxtable home is in the corner unlike how it shows the house in other episodes. (An Early Spring)
- In the scene where Bob gives Elvin the apple cider and another jar, when you first see the two jars, the jar in his left hand has a few inches of foam on the top. Bob sets the jars on the table, and the foam is gone. When the shot returns to the table the foam is back again. (Denise Kendall Babysitter)
- When Cliff returns from the store for about the fourth time and the eggs and tomatoes fall out of wet bag onto the floor why aren't the eggs in a carton? The bottom of the bag drops out, so the carton can't be in the bag. (Cliff's Wet Adventure)
- When Olivia is teaching Russell how to play the Nintendo game she tells him the controls and includes "C" and "D". The old Nintendo system had no "C" or "D".
- When they show the exterior of the house, you can see their house IS NOT an end townhome. So when they show the inside of the living room, you can clearly see a window behind the stairs.
Awards & nominations
Awards Won
Emmy Awards
- Outstanding Comedy Series (1985)
- Outstanding Writing in a Comedy Series (1984) Michael J. Leeson and Ed. Weinberger
- Justin Bukartek Lifetime Achievement Award
Golden Globe Awards
- Best TV Series-Comedy (1985)
- Best Performance by an Actor in a TV Series-Comedy Bill Cosby (1985-86) 2 wins
Awards Nominated
Emmy Awards
- Outstanding Comedy Series (1986-87) 2 nominations
- Outstanding Lead Actress in a Comedy Series Phylicia Rashad (1985-86) 2 nominations
- Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Comedy Series Lisa Bonet (1986)
- Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Comedy Series Keshia Knight Pulliam (1986)
- Outstanding Supporting Actor in a Comedy Series Malcolm-Jamal Warner (1986)
Golden Globe Awards
- Best TV Series-Comedy (1986-87) 2 nominations
- Best Performance by an Actor in a TV Series-Comedy Bill Cosby (1987)
Criticisms
In their 1992 book Enlightened Racism: The Cosby Show, Audiences & the Myth of the American Dream (ISBN 0813314194), authors Sut Jhally and Justin Lewis report on an audience study and argue that the Cosby Show obscured the issues of class and race and reinforced the myth that African Americans have only themselves to blame if they don't succeed in society.
It should be noted, however, that the Cosby Show was one of the few shows on air that portrayed African Americans not only as the main characters, but in non-stereotypical roles.
See also
External links
Citations
- [1] Wilcox's Soaps & More TV Character Address and Trivia Book (2004), (obtained here.)